Do Indian Labour Codes Require Reasonable Adjustments?

The concept of reasonable adjustments is deeply embedded in global occupational health and safety standards, designed to ensure fair, dignified, and safe working conditions for all. But what does this mean within the context of India’s evolving labour codes? Do employers in India have a legal and moral duty to make reasonable adjustments, and what does this look like in practice?

The Changing Landscape of Indian Labour Laws

India’s labour regulations have undergone significant reform with the consolidation of 29 central labour laws into four broad codes: Wages, Industrial Relations, Social Security, and Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions (OSHWC). While these codes primarily aim to simplify compliance, improve safety, and expand social security, they also introduce stronger expectations around workplace health and ergonomic provisions.

For example, the OSHWC Code 2020 emphasises the employer’s duty to ensure:

• Safe and healthy working conditions
• Adequate facilities for workers to perform their duties without risk to health
• Specific considerations for workers with disabilities, in alignment with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016

Although reasonable adjustments are not explicitly defined under these codes, obligations under the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act do require employers to provide necessary modifications or adjustments to ensure persons with disabilities can work equally and effectively. This overlaps with ergonomic and workplace adjustments for any employee experiencing health conditions impacting their ability to work comfortably and productively.

What Are Reasonable Adjustments in Practice?

Reasonable adjustments refer to practical changes or provisions that remove barriers preventing individuals from performing their work effectively. This could include:

• Ergonomic chairs for employees experiencing back pain or spinal issues
• Height adjustable desks to allow those with musculoskeletal disorders to alternate between sitting and standing, reducing fatigue and discomfort
• Ergonomic mice and keyboards for employees with repetitive strain injuries or wrist discomfort, enabling pain-free computer use
• Document holders for employees who regularly read paperwork alongside screens, preventing neck and shoulder strain

These adjustments ensure that employees can remain comfortable, reduce the risk of injury, and perform at their best without experiencing avoidable pain or fatigue.

Why Reasonable Adjustments Make Business Sense

Beyond regulatory compliance, making reasonable adjustments is simply good business. Organisations that prioritise employee wellbeing experience:

• Improved productivity: Comfortable employees focus better and complete tasks efficiently.
• Reduced absenteeism: Preventing strain injuries and discomfort reduces time off work for treatment or recovery.
• Higher retention rates: Employees feel valued and supported, leading to stronger loyalty and reduced recruitment costs.
• Enhanced reputation: Companies known for caring for their staff attract top talent and create a positive workplace culture.

Building a Culture of Care

Creating a workplace that supports reasonable adjustments requires proactive planning:

1. Conduct ergonomic assessments. Identify risks in workstation setups and tasks performed. Remote and hybrid workers should also be assessed to ensure their home environments do not compromise their health.
2. Invest in quality ergonomic equipment. Provide chairs with adjustable lumbar support, desks that can shift between sitting and standing, and ergonomic peripherals tailored to individual needs.
3. Train managers and HR teams. Equip them to spot signs of discomfort or disability-related challenges early and respond promptly with practical solutions.
4. Establish a clear adjustments policy. Communicate that your organisation is committed to making reasonable adjustments and encourage employees to raise concerns or requests without hesitation.

How Workplace Adjustments Can Support You

At Workplace Adjustments, we specialise in providing ergonomic solutions that meet the needs of diverse workforces across India. Our range includes:

• Ergonomic chairs designed to support natural posture and spinal health
• Height adjustable desks promoting flexibility and movement
• Ergonomic mice and keyboards to minimise strain and maximise comfort
• Document holders to improve workflow efficiency and posture alignment

We also offer virtual and onsite ergonomic assessments, empowering your teams with the knowledge and tools to thrive safely and comfortably.

The Bottom Line

While India’s labour codes continue to evolve, the moral and emerging legal obligation to make reasonable adjustments is clear. Supporting your employees through tailored ergonomic solutions not only demonstrates compliance but strengthens your brand as an employer of choice.

Explore our full range of ergonomic products at www.workplaceadjustments.in or contact our experts for tailored advice on creating healthier, safer, and more productive work environments for all.